What is a laparoscopy?
Laparoscopy is a common procedure performed by the gynaecologist. The two most common reasons why gynaecologists perform laparoscopies are for the diagnosis of infertility and pelvic pain. The classical laparoscopy is performed through a one-centimetre incision in the navel. Very often two additional incisions are made to thoroughly inspect the pelvic organs. The classical laparoscopy always requires general anaesthetic.

Carbon dioxide gas is used to expand the abdominal cavity to provide better viewing. The doctor will then insert a scope through a small incision inside the navel to view the outside of the uterus, ovaries and fallopian tubes. Often a second and third incision is made just below the pubic hairline through which instruments are inserted to manipulate the organs to allow the surgeon to examine different angles. If found, endometriosis and adhesions may be removed during this surgery. This is called an operative laparoscopy.

In the recovery room the attending nurse will observe the patient until she is conscious and then the patient will return to her room. She is usually discharged on the same day. She is not allowed to drive. As a result of the anaesthetic the patient might feel tired and dizzy which is normal. Some feel shoulder pain for the first 24 hours after the operation. Painkillers are provided for the first few days. The recovery time is usually one week.

What are the reasons to perform a laparoscopy?
Most fertility operations can be performed laparoscopically. The most common indications are:
Diagnostic laparoscopy
Pelvic endometriosis
Tubal surgery
Removal of fibroids
Removal of ovarian cysts or tumors
Ovarian capsule drilling