There are different modalities that can be used, including hysterosalpingogram, hysteroscopy and ultrasound.

Hysteroscopy is often used to evaluate the uterus prior to IVF and for recurrent pregnancy loss and abnormal uterine bleeding and infertility. Hysteroscopy is also used to further evaluate the uterine cavity and to correct any abnormalities identified on hysterosalpingogram or ultrasound.

Hysteroscopy can easily be performed without anaesthetic using a microhysteroscope with practically no discomfort. Even small abnormalities may be addressed in this way. This is performed at the procedure room of the Cape Fertility Clinic. If there is an abnormality of the uterine cavity that cannot be addressed the patient must undergo an operative hysteroscopy under general anaesthetic.